高频超声对缺血性脑卒中患者颈总动脉与颈动脉窦部的对比研究(1)
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【摘要】 目的 运用高频超声探讨缺血性脑卒中(CAT)患者颈总动脉(CCA)与颈动脉窦部(CB)血管结构、血流动力学及血管功能的差异。方法 应用高频超声对40例缺血性脑卒中患者颈动脉CB和CCA不同部位进行观察，分别测量收缩期内径(Ds)、舒张期内径(Dd)、内中膜厚度(IMT)、收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、阻力指数(RI)等参数，计算血管扩张性、紧张度、僵硬度等指标。结果 CCA、CB两组间IMT、PSV、RI比较，CB较CCA的IMT增厚(P<0.05)，CB较CCA的PSV降低(P<0.05)，CB较CCA的RI降低(P<0.05)。CB的动脉扩张性和动脉紧张度明显小于CCA(P<0.01)；而CB动脉僵硬度则明显大于CCA(P<0.01)。结论 颈动脉IMT结合动脉紧张度、动脉扩张性、动脉僵硬度可全面反映脑梗死患者颈动脉血管结构和功能变化的特征，提供更全面信息。同时颈动脉CB较CCA是容易发生颈动脉硬化的部位，CB应该作为早期评价动脉硬化的重点观察部位。
【关键词】
高频超声；颈动脉；内中膜厚度；动脉扩张性；动脉紧张度；动脉僵硬度
Highfrequency ultrasound study of the differences between common carotid artery and carotid bulb in cerebral arterial thrombosis patients
ZANG Tong, WANG Xuemei.Electrical Diagnosis,color ultrasonic Room,Fentian Hospital of Shenyang Medical College,Shenyang 110001,China
【Abstract】 Objective
To discuss the ultrasonographic, hemodynamic and functional characteristics differences between common carotid artery (CCA)and carotid bulb(CB) by highfrequency ultrasound in patients with cerebral arterial thrombosis(CAT). Methods The different position of the carotid artery,CCA and CB in 40 patients with CAT were examined by high frequency ultrasound.2dimensional,Doppler and Mmode ultrasound were used to measure the intimamedia thickness(IMT), the hemodynamic parameters(PSV,RI) and systolic and diastolic diameter(Ds,Dd) at CCA and CB.Then calculated the arterial functional parameters the arterial strain(AS)，arterial distensibility(AD)and arterial stiffness(Ast). Results There were differences in the IMT between CB and CCA (P<0.05).There were differences in PSV,RI between CB and CCA(P<0.05). The AS and the AD at CB were significant lower than CCA (P<0.01).The Ast at CB was significant higher than CCA (P<0.01). Conclusion By the highfrequency ultrasound, IMT combined with the AS, AD and Ast can provide the comprehensive character of the structural and functional change of the carotid artery in patients with cerebral arterial thrombosis. The position of the carotid artherosclerosis happened at CB is early than CCA, the position of CB is the intensive position for the evaluation of the early stage of the carotid artherosclerosis ......
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